{"id":2169,"date":"2024-11-27T11:47:47","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T10:47:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/?p=2169"},"modified":"2025-02-11T12:09:15","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T11:09:15","slug":"les-stades-de-developpement-de-la-foret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/les-stades-de-developpement-de-la-foret\/","title":{"rendered":"Les stades de d\u00e9veloppement de la for\u00eat"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2169\" class=\"elementor elementor-2169\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8041808 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8041808\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7caf085\" data-id=\"7caf085\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4eb47f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4eb47f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les stades de d\u00e9veloppement de la for\u00eat<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-721ab5e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"721ab5e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d46eb97\" data-id=\"d46eb97\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c306bc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c306bc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53d4e41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53d4e41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"chapo_article\"><div id=\"chapo_article li\"><div id=\"chapo\" class=\"coul_dominante\"><div id=\"chapo_article\"><div id=\"chapo_article li\"><div id=\"chapo\" class=\"coul_dominante\"><div id=\"chapo_article\"><div id=\"chapo_article li\"><p>Un arbre ne se d\u00e9veloppe pas de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re s\u2019il est isol\u00e9 ou en for\u00eat.<br class=\"autobr\" \/>Isol\u00e9, sa ramure s\u2019\u00e9tale plut\u00f4t en largeur qu\u2019en hauteur, surtout chez les feuillus, afin de mieux r\u00e9sister au vent et absorber le maximum de lumi\u00e8re.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"ArticleText\"><p>Dans un massif bois\u00e9, en revanche, le groupement de troncs et des frondaisons prot\u00e8ge les arbres des rafales de vent. Mais, \u00e9tant plant\u00e9s plus serr\u00e9s, les arbres doivent, pour capter la lumi\u00e8re, pousser toujours plus haut, ce qui nous donne les magnifiques pin\u00e8des des Landes ou les h\u00eatraies ardennaises, par exemple. La silhouette des arbres que tu trouveras dans les tableaux de Scoutorama correspond g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 des arbres isol\u00e9s.<br class=\"manualbr\" \/>Les grands arbres qui peuplent nos for\u00eats r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement entretenues, passent par diff\u00e9rents stades de d\u00e9veloppement dont voici les principaux\u00a0:<\/p><ul class=\"spip\"><li>Semis\u00a0: plants d\u2019arbres de 0 \u00e0 1 m de haut.<\/li><li>Taillis, fourr\u00e9\u00a0: r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration naturelle d\u2019une for\u00eat compos\u00e9e d\u2019arbrisseaux ou d\u2019arbustes de 1 m \u00e0 2,5 m de haut.<\/li><li>Gaulis\u00a0: jeune peuplement d\u2019arbres de m\u00eame \u00e2ge ne d\u00e9passant pas 5 cm de diam\u00e8tre.<\/li><li>Perchis\u00a0: jeune futaie dont les arbres encore serr\u00e9s ont de 6 \u00e0 10 cm de diam\u00e8tre.<\/li><li>Jeune futaie\u00a0: peuplement d\u2019arbres secondaires de m\u00eame \u00e2ge (\u00e9quienne), hauts et de plus de 11 \u00e0 25 cm de diam\u00e8tre.<\/li><li>Futaie m\u00fbre\u00a0: peuplement d\u2019arbres adultes de grande hauteur souvent centenaires de plus de 25 cm de diam\u00e8tre.<\/li><li>Ensemencement\u00a0: les arbres m\u00fbrs sont exploit\u00e9s\u00a0; on laisse les plus beaux sp\u00e9cimens pour ensemencer et pr\u00e9parer le semis qui renouvellera la for\u00eat.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36f8845 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"36f8845\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"312\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/99\/2024\/11\/copyrightNaturoscout_-stades_developpement-c1c57.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2171\" alt=\"copyrightnaturoscout stades developpement c1c57\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/99\/2024\/11\/copyrightNaturoscout_-stades_developpement-c1c57.png 400w, https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/99\/2024\/11\/copyrightNaturoscout_-stades_developpement-c1c57-300x234.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dee9a0c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dee9a0c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e1a6e4\" data-id=\"4e1a6e4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-42045b2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"42045b2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a466df\" data-id=\"3a466df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92f6a45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"92f6a45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans une for\u00eat, les v\u00e9g\u00e9taux g\u00e9ants c\u00f4toient les organismes les plus minuscules. Les uns ne peuvent vivre sans les autres. Une for\u00eat de feuillus (ces arbres dont les feuilles tombent \u00e0 l\u2019automne\u00a0: on dit qu\u2019elles sont caduques), nous offre une image tr\u00e8s \u00e9tonnante de cette vie en commun.<br class=\"manualbr\" \/>Voici d\u2019abord les grands arbres, aux troncs nus\u00a0: la futaie.<br class=\"manualbr\" \/>Puis viennent les arbres secondaires, qui aiment l\u2019ombre. Plus bas, nous trouvons les taillis, qui prot\u00e8gent les arbustes fragiles. Ensuite, nous voici maintenant \u00e0 terre, dans la strate herbac\u00e9e au pays des foug\u00e8res, des herbes et des fleurs, surplombant encore les mousses et les champignons qui poussent au ras du sol. Enfin, cach\u00e9s dans celui-ci, bact\u00e9ries et champignons microscopiques sont au travail. Toutes ces plantes forment la flore des sous-bois.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un arbre ne se d\u00e9veloppe pas de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re s\u2019il est isol\u00e9 ou en for\u00eat.<br \/>\nIsol\u00e9, sa ramure s\u2019\u00e9tale plut\u00f4t en largeur qu\u2019en hauteur, surtout chez les feuillus, afin de mieux r\u00e9sister au vent et absorber le maximum de lumi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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