{"id":887,"date":"2024-11-08T11:17:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T10:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/?p=887"},"modified":"2025-02-11T14:45:17","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T13:45:17","slug":"les-brulures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/les-brulures\/","title":{"rendered":"Les br\u00fblures"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Les br\u00fblures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Nos activit\u00e9s scoutes nous exposent fortement au risque de br\u00fblure, il est donc indispensable de savoir bien \u00e9valuer leur gravit\u00e9 et donner les premiers soins pour limiter les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts qu\u2019elles peuvent causer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019une br\u00fblure ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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C\u2019est une l\u00e9sion des tissus (la peau) et\/ou des voies a\u00e9riennes (bouches, nez, gorge) d\u2019origine thermique (feu, liquide bouillant), chimique (produits de type acide ou base), \u00e9lectrique, ou encore li\u00e9e \u00e0 des rayonnements (soleil, UV, infrarouge).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Qualification du degr\u00e9 de gravit\u00e9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Trois facteurs sont d\u00e9terminants pour estimer la gravit\u00e9 d\u2019une br\u00fblure\u00a0: l\u2019\u00e9tendue, la profondeur et la localisation de la (les) l\u00e9sion(s). On parle alors de br\u00fblures simples dans un cas et de br\u00fblures graves (n\u00e9cessitant syst\u00e9matiquement un avis m\u00e9dical) dans l\u2019autre. Cependant, la conduite \u00e0 tenir reste la m\u00eame\u00a0: refroidissement de la zone, protection de la br\u00fblure, mise au repos de la victime et alerte des secours.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Les facteurs de gravit\u00e9 sont\u00a0:<\/p>

  • L\u2019\u00e9tendue\u00a0: si la surface de la br\u00fblure est sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la moiti\u00e9 de la paume de la victime, on parle de br\u00fblure grave (uniquement \u00e0 partir du 2\u00e8me degr\u00e9).<\/li>
  • La profondeur\u00a0: on parle alors en degr\u00e9s.1er\u00a0: rougeur simple, douleur (c\u2019est le cas du coup de soleil),
    • 2\u00e8me\u00a0: cloque en peau blanch\u00e2tre avec rougeur,<\/li>
    • 3\u00e8me\u00a0: peau beige, aspect peau de chamois, indolore avec chute des poils,<\/li>
    • 4\u00e8me\u00a0: carbonisation des tissus (peau noire).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      • La localisation\u00a0: c\u2019est le troisi\u00e8me facteur de gravit\u00e9\u00a0; \u00e0 profondeur \u00e9quivalente, une br\u00fblure sera plus grave si elle est localis\u00e9e \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des zones fragiles (oeil, nez, bouche, organes g\u00e9nitaux,\u2026) ou fonctionnelles (plis cutan\u00e9s, articulation, pieds, mains, \u2026).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        La conduite \u00e0 tenir sur br\u00fblure simple<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        • En premier lieu, il faudra toujours \u00e9viter la survenue d\u2019un sur-accident avant m\u00eame de soustraire la victime \u00e0 la cause.<\/li>
        • Ensuite, refroidir le plus t\u00f4t possible<\/strong>\u00a0la zone br\u00fbl\u00e9e de la victime afin de limiter l\u2019effet de feu int\u00e9rieur dans les tissus. Ce refroidissement doit se faire sous la forme d\u2019un filet d\u2019eau durant 5 \u00e0 10 minutes, \u00e0 10cm au dessus de la zone de la br\u00fblure, avec de l\u2019eau entre 10\u00b0C et 20\u00b0C. Le but est de calmer la douleur et de limiter la profondeur de la br\u00fblure.<\/span><\/li>
        • Enfin, il ne faut\u00a0jamais<\/strong>\u00a0retirer les v\u00eatements adh\u00e9rant \u00e0 la surface de la peau. Le secouriste veillera \u00e0 couvrir la br\u00fblure d\u2019un linge propre, de pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence st\u00e9rile, pour \u00e9viter tous risques d\u2019infection, immobilisant la victime une fois couverte (afin qu\u2019elle ne souffre pas d\u2019hypothermie). Il veillera \u00e0 son r\u00e9confort moral en attendant l\u2019arriv\u00e9e des secours en lui parlant, la rassurant, etc.<\/li><\/ul>
          • \u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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            • Sans oublier de, imm\u00e9diatement, passer l\u2019alerte aux services de secours en pr\u00e9cisant dans le bilan :<\/p>

              • L\u2019adresse de l\u2019incident,<\/li>
              • les circonstances et\/ou le type de la br\u00fblure (thermique, chimique,\u2026),<\/li>
              • la localisation, l\u2019\u00e9tendue et l\u2019aspect de la plaie (sa description),<\/li>
              • l\u2019\u00e9tat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la victime (conscience, respiration, circulation sanguine),<\/li>
              • les gestes entrepris (refroidissement, couverture de la br\u00fblure, \u2026),<\/li>
              • ne pas raccrocher tant que vous n y \u00eates pas invit\u00e9 par les secours.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Nos activit\u00e9s scoutes nous exposent fortement au risque de br\u00fblure, il est donc indispensable de savoir bien \u00e9valuer leur gravit\u00e9 et donner les premiers soins pour limiter les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts qu\u2019elles peuvent causer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[91,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-le-secourisme","category-sport-et-sante"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=887"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6503,"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887\/revisions\/6503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scouts-europe.org\/scoutorama\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}